Author: chris

Quite a bit has been written online over the past decade about possible health risks of childhood vaccinations. This message has moved some parents to avoid having their children vaccinated. To introduce this discussion topic I would like you to listen to this recent episode of the Diane Rehm show from National Public Radio on childhood vaccination. Link: http://thedianerehmshow.org/shows/2014-07-03/ongoing-efforts-vaccinate-children-against-polio-measles-and-other-deadly-diseases
It is an hour-long show, so be sure to carve out the time to listen. Then use online resources to investigate the following questions:

What is the argument against childhood vaccinations?
What types of sources do you find claiming that childhood vaccinations are dangerous? Do you consider these to be quality science sources? Why or why not?
What does science have to say about this question? Is there good data to show whether children benefit or suffer from vaccination? What are good sources for this information?
The HPV vaccine is relatively recent and is recommended by the Centers for Disease control Link: http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/vaccine.html. all girls and boys at age 11 or 12 to prevent cervical and penile cancer. There has been some debate at the state level whether HPV vaccine should be recommended for children. Look into this question and be prepared to discuss the risks and benefits of this vaccine.

The first draft of your Exploratory Essay (500 words minimum).

I. What is Definition?

Definitions limit or explain the meaning of a term or concept. Although the term definition leads most people to think of a dictionary, definitions are not always precise or universally accepted (Connelly 181).

II. Different types of definitions exist:
. Standard definitions
. Regulatory definitions
. Evolving definitions
. Qualifying definitions
. Cultural definitions
. Personal definitions
. Invented definitions
(Read pages 181-3 for explanations of each definition type.)

III. Methods of Definition (pgs.183-4) – Definitions can be established using a number of techniques:

. Defining through synonyms – use a word with similar meaning to define a term; this is the simplest method of providing meaning for a word.
. Defining by description – uses details about a word or subject to define a term; this method gives readers a sense of what a term might look, feel, taste, smell, or sound like.
. Defining by example – uses specific illustrations to establish meaning. Examples can establish meaning through identification. Complex or abstract concepts are easier to comprehend if defined by example.
. Defining by comparison – uses analogies readers can understand to provide meaning to something less familiar.
. Extended definition – this method is necessary when defining highly complex words (love; racism; justice) or concepts. A full description of abstract, disputed, or complex terms requires several paragraphs (even whole essays).

Your Definition Essay

For your definition essay assignment, you will need to apply most, if not all, of the methods listed above to develop and support the term you choose to explain and illustrate (since you are writing an essay to define a selected term, you are already defining through extended definition). Your goal as the author of a definition piece is to establish the meaning of a term, using the methods of definition, for the purpose of sharing a common understanding of that term with your reader. For this assignment, you want to choose a term that means a lot to you; since you will need to produce a strong 500 word essay to successfully complete this assignment, you want to select a term/topic that is rich in personal meaning and significance.

An Organization Tip:
For help in organizing the body of your definition piece, use at least three of the methods of definition listed above. For example, you may choose to define by description in your first supporting body paragraph, define by example in your second supporting body paragraph, and define by comparison in your third body paragraph. Whatever order you choose, do use these methods to help develop and organize your essay.

*Refer to the “Definition Checklist” at the end of chapter six (pg. 235) before you submit your definition essay for review.

Revising Your Writing

​The final step of the writing process is revision. Revision is a necessary step in writing because it involves incorporating your instructor’s suggestions for improvement and proofreading. Before student authors submit a final draft of a writing assignment, they should make certain that their work contains the qualities that make a student essay successful. All successful student essays fulfill the specific purpose of the assignment; they are unified and coherent; they contain proper support; and they display good use of grammar and language. To make certain your essay possess the necessary qualities to achieve a good grade, use the following questions when revising your work:

​Purpose: 1) Does the essay respond to the writing assignment? 2) Does it
answer the question being asked from the writing assignment? Does the essay
communicate a definite viewpoint?

Unity: 1) Does the essay contain a clear opening statement of the point of
the essay? 2) Is all the material in the essay in support of the opening point (thesis)?

Support: 1) Does the essay contain specific evidence to support the opening
point? 2) Does the essay contain enough evidence?

​Coherence: 1) Does the essay have a clear method of organization? 2) Are
transitions and other connecting words (repeated words; pronouns; synonyms)
used to tie the material together?

Grammar: 1) Does the essay contain grammatical errors? 2) What kind of grammatical errors does the essay contain (refer to “Revision Codes” for more on specific mechanic and grammatical errors)? 3) Can the essay’s objective still be effectively communicated with the presence of these grammatical errors?

Language: 1) Does the author use informal language in the essay? 2) Does the author use abstract and vague language? 3) Does the author make awkward word choices that stunt the effectiveness of his/her communication?

Note: Refer to this document before you submit your final essays. I may also ask you to reference this document when reviewing my comments on your final essay grades.

​This document contains descriptions of the most common student writing errors I noted in your first student essays. Use this document along with “Revising Your Writing” (in Course Documents) to help you proofread your essays before you submit them for review and grading.

Problem Areas
. Thesis and Support
2. Does your essay contain a thesis?
a. The main idea or main point developed in an essay is the essay’s thesis. The thesis statement appears in the introductory paragraph, usually at the end, and it is then developed in the supporting paragraphs (the body) that follow.
b. The thesis is the essay’s major topic sentence. The thesis answers the question, “Why am I writing this essay?” A well-structured thesis will state the essay topic and provide the writer’s attitude or opinion about the topic. A thesis may also contain a brief stating of the writer’s intended support for the thesis; (I recommend that you add your three- points for supporting your thesis to your thesis statement, as this greatly assists students with overall essay structure).
3. Does your essay contain support for your thesis?
a. Each of your body paragraphs should contain a major supporting point supported by minor supporting points. The major supporting point of each paragraph is stated in the paragraph’s topic sentence. The remaining body of the paragraph is composed of minor supporting points. The type of minor support (i.e. examples; description; definitions; narratives) you use for each of your student essays will vary from essay to essay to suit your writing assignments.
. Language
1. Word choice (wc)/Awkward Phrasing (awk):
a. Use words that you know. Students should use resources like the thesaurus to expand their vocabularies and avoid repetition of the same words in their essays; however, students should also use a dictionary to make sure they are using the new words in proper context. A thesaurus provides synonyms, words of similar meaning; because the meanings of synonymous words are not always exactly the same, but similar, students should be careful when substituting one word for another.
Also, non-native speakers of English may be inclined to use unfamiliar words for the sake of “sounding academic.” A writer must be comfortable with his/her own voice to produce effective student essays; a writer cannot be comfortable using words of unknown meaning. Student writers should write in a way that comes naturally to them.
In contrast to “sounding academic” is “sounding conversational.” Do not talk to your reader as if he/she is your best friend. This kind of writing is too loose, careless, and unkempt, and most importantly, it is prone to sentence construction errors.
b. Use specific words. Effective writers use specific words rather than general words. Don’t tell your reader, “The view was amazing and breathtaking.” Tell your reader, “The view was an endless bright blue that paralyzed my senses.” Use specific ideas and images instead of general and abstract statements.
c. Use concise words. Wordiness—using more words than necessary to express an idea—is often a sign of laziness or careless writing. In many cases, excessive wordiness reveals the student author’s desire to achieve a required word count.
. Sentence Construction
1. Does your essay contain sentences of varied structures?
a. Vary your sentences. If every sentence in a student essay is structured in the same pattern, writing becomes monotonous. Mix complex and compound sentences with basic sentences in a paragraph. Use punctuation marks like the semi-colon and pair conjunctions with commas to fuse two independent clauses. Use a basic subject + verb clause for a breath of fresh air among many long and complex sentences. The way you chose to structure a sentence has a direct affect on the way your ideas are communicated and thus interpreted.
2. The following are some common grammatical errors and rules to follow to avoid them:
a. A sentence must contain a subject (the who or the what of the sentence) and a predicate (the action the who or the what performs). If a sentence is missing either, the result is a fragment.
b. Place a comma before a conjunction introducing an independent clause.
c. Do not join independent clauses with a comma. If you wish to join two complete sentences with a comma, you must also add a conjunction. You may also wish to add a semi-colon to fuse two sentences of related ideas.

Like most methods and concepts, there is a primitive and relatively useless way to use the VALUE CHAIN, and there are more sophisticated ways to use the method/concept. The primitive way is to merely LIST AND DESCRIBE some value creating activities of a firm in each of the little boxes of the value chain concept. DISCUSS WHAT ARE SOME WAYS TO ADD VALUE TO THE VALUE CHAIN METHOD/CONCEPT. In other words, how can you make the VALUE CHAIN concept/method worth applying to a case?

Please only upload your answers, not the questions. Label your answers (Essay #1, Essay #2, etc.)

Part II: Short Answer Essays (30 points) Instructions: You should answer ALL PARTS of each essay question, as there are multiple questions within each essay. You should also use SPECIFIC EXAMPLES throughout your essay. If you cite information from the textbook, any of the readings, any of the videos, or any website, you should include a citation. Each answer should be at least 1-2 paragraphs (5-7 sentences per paragraph). Anytime that you are asked to give examples, you want to EXPLAIN your examples, do not just list them.Each essay is worth 10 points. Essays that score well will answer ALL parts of each question. They will include specific examples to help support their answers. They will also use examples from the readings and the textbook.

Please pick 3 essay questions to answer.

1. What are some of the long-term causes of the American Civil War (1800s-1850s)? Please give at least 2 examples. What are some of the short-term causes of the American Civil War (1850s-1861)? Please give at least 3 examples. What advantages did the North and South have entering into the war? Give 2 examples. What role did American Indians play in the Civil War? What role did African Americans play in the Civil War? What role did Union women play in the Civil War? What role did confederate women play in the Civil War? What are the lasting legacies of the Civil War? Give and explain at least 3 examples to justify your answer.

2. What were 2 significant goals of the Reconstruction period? Explain why they were significant. In what way did the executive branch (under Lincoln and Johnson) and Congress differ in their visions of how the United States should be reconstructed after the Civil War? What are the “Reconstruction Amendments,” and why are they significant? What were the experiences of freedmen after the Civil War? What kinds of black codes were instituted after the Civil War and what was their purpose? What is sharecropping, and what kind of an impact did it have on freedmen? Was Reconstruction a success or failure? Give at least 3 examples to justify your answer.

3. What impact did this new industrial society have on the West? Give and explain at least 2 examples. What was the Dawes Act, and how did it impact American Indians? What factors contributed to the United States becoming a mature industrial society after the Civil War? Give and explain 2 examples. What was the “People’s Party” and what are two important aspects of their political party platform? What characteristics define the “Gilded Age” in the industrial North? Give at least 3 examples. It what ways did the Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller contribute to the Gilded Age culture? What are trusts and/or monopolies? What are the lasting consequences of the Gilded Age? Please give at least 3 examples.

4. In what ways did the lives of disenfranchised Americans, specifically African Americans, women, and American Indians, change from 1840 to 1900? For each group, you need to explain 3 significant events or moments from 1840 to 1900 that altered the status of that group, and explain why each event was significant to changing their lives. At the beginning of the 20th century (e.g. the 1900s), what major problems were still of concern for each of these disenfranchised groups (meaning, what problems existed that made them into second-class citizens)? Give at least 2 concerns for each group.

The final research paper I will mainly focused on the Japanese artist Yoko Ono’s works. Especially, the periods of early 1960s till 1970s when she actives in New York City and Europe. First of all, I will briefly introduce Yoko Ono’s background and early life in Japan, how she became an artist and starts her career( simply intro 3 arts work, and detail describe 1 art work(very important)). Second, I would describe her relationship with John Lennon, the singer and songwriter of the most famous band The Beatles in the world. How this relationship affects Yoko Ono’s works and the works that they create together(also simply list 5 art works, detail write one art work such as Bed in Peace(very important)). In the End, I may write about the connection between MoMa and Yoko Ono since she had engagement with MoMa dates to her arrival onto the New York art scene in the late 1950s and early 1960s.(list 3 art works, then detail write one display in the Yoko Ono: One Woman Show 1960-1971 at The MoMa (very important))

sources:
1:Biesenbach, Klaus, and Yōko Ono. Yoko Ono: One Woman Show, 1960 – 1971. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2015. Print.

2:Yes Yoko Ono, Alexandra Munroe;Yōko Ono; Jon Hendricks; Bruce Altshuler
New York : Japan Society ; Harry N. Abrams;2000

3:All we are saying : the last major interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono
John Lennon 1940-1980.;Yōko Ono; David Sheff; G Golson
New York : St. Martin’s Griffin;2000

As discussed in class a few times, one of the unfortunate aspects of accounting and business is that sometimes things go wrong or people commit fraud. For this project, your assignment is to write a report on one of three prominent accounting/business failures over the recent past.

Specifically, you should:

1. Select one of the three cases listed below

2. Do some research and find out as much as you can about the case.

3. Write a 3-page, double-spaced report and submit it through Canvas at the end of the day on July 31.

Make sure you find out as much information about your company, topic, or individual as you can. Tell what the circumstances were, how the scandal was discovered, why the legislation was needed, tell any interesting facts that will bring the story to life. Who are the players? Do you think the outcome fit the crime or circumstances? Do you think the right people were brought to punishment? Did the legislation work? Were you able to find red flags that might have preceded the unethical behavior? What are the lasting implications of this situation. Who was hurt by the unethical behavior? Have fun with this and make it interesting!

The paper should be at least 3 pages, double-spaced in length. You will need to cite your sources (at least three) and you can format this any way you would like. You will submit your paper through Canvas.

Here are the choices you can choose from for your paper:

The end of Lehman Brothers

This paper is due on Tuesday, July 31 at 10:00 pm. There will be a significant penalty for late papers!!!

From p. 711 in Wiley Blackwell (Introduction): Literary and cultural critic Charles Johnson argues that contemporary African-American literature “represents a fiction of increasing artistic and intellectual growth, one that enables us as a people — as a culture — to move from narrow complain to broad celebration.” For this discussion please comment on Johnson’s observation in relation to a text by Alice Walker (b. 1944) pgs. 733-760. Make sure that you support your claims by quoting and discussing specific language from the respective text.

Examine Gilgamesh (The Epic of Gilgamesh), Senwosret (the Egyptian pharaoh in The Tale of Sinuhe), Pericles (Pericles’ Funeral Oration), and Augustus (Life of the Divine Augustus, Res Gestae). Discuss each leader’s style of authority, how and why they rule over their subjects, what roles, duties, and responsibilities they hold, and the values each one embodies. Likewise, compare and contrast the governments and individuals presented, developing an argument regarding the evolution of government and leadership over time.

Part I

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the Harré (2006) Key Thinkers in Psychology e-book. Examine one of the schools of thought (psychoanalysis, behaviorism, etc.) presented in the reading that is significant in the evolution of modern psychology. Select one theorist associated with this school of thought and explain the specific theoretical perspective(s) and/or contribution(s) this individual made to the field of psychology. Evaluating the impact of the theory and/or contribution(s) to the field as a whole, identify the strengths and weaknesses of your theorist’s contribution(s).
Choose one contemporary issue or problem that is prevalent in today’s news and research a minimum of one peer-reviewed article on this issue in the Ashford University Library. Evaluate the issue from your chosen school of thought and your theorist’s perspective. Explain how the theory provides a deeper understanding of and insight into the conditions and behaviors related to the contemporary issue. Evaluate contemporary applications of psychological theory to the issue. Support your evaluation of the news piece with your peer-reviewed research on the topic.

Part II

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the Fisher (2009) article, “Replacing ‘Who is the Client?’ With a Different Ethical Question” and the APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct: Including 2010 Amendments paying special attention to standard 3.11.
Informed consent is an important ethical component of research and practice. It is not, however, always sufficient or appropriate for consulting, program evaluation, job effectiveness assessment, or other psychological services delivered to or through organizations because it does not always address all the necessary elements of a given situation. These facts do not negate our responsibility as psychology professionals to inform clients and those who may be impacted by our services. In the discussion you will address these issues through the following case study.
You are an industrial organizational (I/O) psychologist and have been hired to evaluate a company’s “Work From Home” policy to see if it has increased company production. In addition to a review of the employee records, the evaluation needs to include interviews with supervisors and employees on the value and limits of the policy. Since informed consent as typically considered in clinical, counseling, and research settings will not be sufficient in this instance, you will need to inform all supervisors and employees about your services.
In your initial post, briefly analyze and define who the client is in this case study. Assess your professional role as the I/O psychologist and your responsibility to the client as defined. Apply the APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct to this scenario, specifically addressing what information should be provided to all supervisors and employees. Explain how you would disseminate this information and ensure understanding amongst all stakeholders. Elaborate on how you would establish trust with the employees, protect employee identities, and ensure the results are used in an ethical manner.

Part III

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the Grenyer & Lewis (2012) “Prevalence, Prediction, and Prevention of Psychologist Misconduct” article and the APA Practice Central’s Professional Health and Well-being for Psychologists , Tips from Practitioners on Finding Work-Life Balance , and Tips for Self-Care online articles.
Select two complaints presented in the Grenyer & Lewis article (see Table 1) and explain the ramifications of these violations applying the APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct to each situation. Assess the role of the APA in assisting psychology professionals in the identification of potential areas of misconduct. Describe and recommend a course of action to avoid these areas. Evaluate the contemporary role of psychology professionals and elaborate on the relationship between self-care and the issue of maintaining ethical principles and professional standards. Identify one or two self-care tips, tools, or suggested courses of action provided on the APA’s Self-care resources for psychologists website that might address the issues which lead to the chosen complaints.

Designing a Study

Create an example of a research question in an imaginary quantitative NURSING study you might design.
Identify the independent and dependent variable, and state the research hypothesis for your study. The variables must be categorical variables.
Select a non parametric test from Chapter 12 that would effectively test this hypothesis.
Describe how you can test the above hypothesis using that nonparametric test.

BELOW IS THE BOOK FROM THE CLASS,PLEASE USE CHAPTER 12 .THANK YOU

Munro’s statistical methods for health care research

Chapter 12: “Examining Cross-Tabulations: The Chi-Square and Associated Statistics”